Signaling system and method of signaling



' Feb. 12, 1929. 1,702,039

H. CHIREIX SIGNALING SYSTEM AND METHOD OF SIGNALING Filed Aug. 22, 1924HENR! cHmEiX 1 ANVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 12, 1929..

STATES HENRI CHIREIX, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

SIGNALING ESYSTEM QLND METHOD OF SIGNALING.

Application filed August 22, 1924, Serial No. 733,500, and in FranceAugust 23, 1923.

It is a well-known fact that the loops of frames (coils) used inwireless telegraphy work for reception can also be used fortransmission. It is likewise well known that the E-electrode valve maybe used for obtaining alternating current of high-frequency whenconnected to appropriate circuits. Now, one of the objects of thisinvention is to utilize a loop or coil preferably constituted of but oneturn also as the working circuit of the valve and to thus simplify tothe highest possible extent the requisite circuits in order to realize agood efiiciency.

A clear understanding of the invention will be had from the followingdescription when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing inwhich Figure 1 illustrates a transmitting arrangement employing a frameor loop having a single turn; Figure 2 represents in perspective an antenna system in the form of a prism; and Figure 3 represents the entiretransmitter adapted to be used with the system shown in Figure 2.

Referring now to Fig. 1, element 1 is the triode, the plate of which isfed by a dynamo 2 through the choke coil 3, the filament being heatedfrom a battery 4. The high frequency output circuit consists of theblocking condenser 5 and the coil 8 closed upon the condenser 7 6 is acondenser shunted by a grid leak resistance inserted in the grid circuitin order to reduce the mean potential during operations. Thev connection9 of the grid is brought to one side of the condenser 7, the connection10 of the filament is established at any desired point along the coil,while the connection 11 is made at any desired point at the other end ofthe coil. The condition for maintaining sustained oscillations is morereadily fulfilled as the connection 11 is made nearer the condenser; onthe other hand, the energy supplied to the coil is in general increasedby shifting the connection 11 towards the connection 10, which has theeffect of producing closer coupling between the grid and plate circuits.

The coil 8 is preferably made up of a single turn or spire madeof astrip ortube of conducting metal of large cross-section in order toreduce its resistance. It may be of any desired form; still the circularshape seems to be best suited, seeing that this shape, for a givensurface, results in the least perimeter and as a consequence a min imumof resistance for a given'section. The connections 10 and 11 arepreferably brought from a fixed support inthe center of the coil, whereconnection is established with the filament and plate electrodes of thetube, while the terminal contacts of 10 and 11 are shiftable along thecoil.

It must be well understood that, in order that self-excitation may beproduced, it is necessary that the resistance of the device in order besuiliciently low in order that the high frequency current producedinaygive rise across the terminals of condenser 7 to a tension the valueof which is in the neighborhood of that of the direct current source 2.For this reason the coil should he made of a large section; thecondenser 7, on the other hand, should be made of mica of high grade, orbetter still may be an air-condenser. 1

If in spite of these precautionary measures it should not be possible tomaintain operation, a plurality of valvessuch as 1 may be disposed inparallel, or else valves ojf'the same power may be employed and operatedat a lower voltage. In order to reduce the losses it may bedesirable toconnect a certain point of the coil with the ground, or else to placeunderneath the coil a metallic lattice. V e

The transmitter described above will have a directional characteristic,and whilethis may be of advantage in certain cases, it may be a drawbackin others.

In cases in which non-directive sending is desired, the transmittingsystem may consist, for instance, of three conductors placed parallel toone another in a vertical sense, such as I, H, III, in Fig. 2, andarranged conformably with the generatrices of a prism the base of whichis an equilateral triangle. The upper ends of these three conductors areconnected together byother horizontal conductors forming the sides v ofan equilateral triangle, and in these conductors there are inserted thecapacities of the high frequency circuits (triangle mounting). The lowerends of the said three conductors are connected at a central point byother horizontal conductors (star connection). These conductors mostpreferably, as in the case of the simple coil or'loop above referred to,are made up of tubes constituting conductors of low resistance.

- In order to better understand. this construction, the upper'andlowerplanes of the prism are separately shown in Figure 3, it beingunderstood that the vertical conductors I, II and III of Figure 2 extendrespectively between II, II-JI and IIT-lIIas indicated in dotted lines.

V The three vertical conductors function and behave like threeverticalantennae; by sending three-phase currents therethrough, a rotary-ield.emission is obtained which can be equally well received in alldirections. 7

This scheme is easily practiced by eniploying-three tubes anda symmetricmounting as indicated by M. Mesny French Patent No. 552,227 1 stands forthe dynamo, 2 are choke coils intended to;preven't return'flow of thehigh frequency oscillations,

sure" blocking condensers intended to -pre-.

vent short-circuiting of the source, t are the three valvesthat arerequired forthe three conductors I, II, and III, respectively; die thebattery insuring their joint heating, 6

v the grid resistance of each of the said valves,

7 sers through which which is intended to lower, when in opera tion, themean value of'the grid potential; 7

are the capacities which conjoint-1y with 6 insure this result; '8finally are the conden the high frequency current flows.

The reactance filamentis given by the vertical conductors. The reactionvoltage is properly taken, as indicated, between the middle point of thelower star and the middle pointof the capacities It will easily beunderstood that it has the desired pha'se for the purposeofself-excitation. The system as hereinbefore described could be comparedto three coils (loops) displaced by an angle of 120 degrees, all threehaving one common side; the

said side, as to the rest, may be eliminated entirely as it is passedby'a Zero current (like a neutral wire in a three-phase system In theillustration this return conductor, which is not required and thereforehas been omit- .ted, would evidently start from the middle of the star;V k

This comparison, as a matter of fact, will make it evident that thescheme as described isan extension of the first embodiment described; r

' By providingfour conductors. and four valves it would be possible toconstruct a two-phase arrangement, while' 'with any debetween the anodeand the sired greater number of tubes it would be possible to obtainpolyphase sending made up of a definite number of phases. It is alsoquite obvious that the arrangement indicated is not the only one adaptedto'furnish to the antenna system. hereinbefore described the three-phaseenergy required for its operation, indeed, it is merely one of the mostsimple'embodiments, and is here cited within the spirit and scope'of myinvention. 7

Claims:

1. An arrangement for. the production of a revolving field especiallyadapted to the transmission of short waves, comprising an aerial systemdisposed in accordance with a three-sided prism, and a three-tubegenerator generating a revolving field directly in the aerial system,which constitutes at the same time the oscillation circuit.

2. In a shortwave transmission system, a plurality of vertical antennaearranged in prismatic formation, a'condenser connected etween eachadjacent pair of antennae at their upperends, a pair of condensersconnected between each adjacent pair of antennae at their lower ends, aplurality of oscillation generators, one for each vertical antenna, eachhaving its anode circuit associated with the upper end of acorresponding antenna, and a connection from between each pair ofcondensersatthe lower ends of the antennae to a corresponding controlelectrode of each oscillation generator.

3. An arrangement for the production of 11 a revolving field especiallyadapted to the transmission of short waves, including an aerial systemcomprising three vertical conductors disposedin accordance with athreesided prism, a condenser connected between each adjacent pair ofconductors at their upper ends,a pair of condensers connected betweeneachadjacent pair of'conductors at their lower ends, a three-tubegenerator associated with each vertical conductor of the aerial system,the'output of each generator being connected to the upper end of a corresponding conductor, and theinput of each generator being connectedbetween each pair of condensers connecting the lower endsof saidconductors. Q r r 4:. In a shortwave transmission system,

a plurality of vertical antennae arranged in their upper ends, a pair ofcondensers coning antenna, its control electrode circuit nected betweeneach adjacent pair of anconnected between a corresponding pair of tennaeat their lower ends, a Y connection to condensers at the lower ends ofthe an- 10 the antennae at their lower ends, a plurality tennae, and itscathode circuit connected to 5 of oscillation generators, one for eachverthe midpoint of the Y connection at the tical antenna, each havingits anode circuit lower end of the antenna. connected to the upper endof a correspond- H. CHIREIX.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION. Patent No. 1,702,039. Granted February 12,1929, to

HENRI CHIREIX.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1,line 67, strike out the words "in order" both occurrences; and that thesaid Letters Patent should he read with this correction therein that thesame may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 2nd day of July, A. D. 1929.

M. J. Moore, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

